Why does Dr. Munarriz consider the label “Latin American Music” problematic? Do you agree or disagree with his position? Why?

Having the word “American” in the title has a tendency to confuse people into believing they are referring to music from America, the country- not the continent itself. This can be problematic in some cases however if it’s merely a matter of conversation and miscommunication that way, it’s easily fixed or avoidable. However, in terms of writing music, it can be confusing if talking about style- saying Latin American may confuse some. 

 

What is the difference between Latin American Music and Latin Music?

Latin music is used to refer to any music that has originated from the Latin community or from a member of the Latin community living in America, whereas Latin American Music refers to music coming from any region south of America. Latin American Music comes from a French, Portuguese, or Spanish region within Latin America. 

 

What are ostinatos and how are they used in many Caribbean and Latin American musical expressions?

An ostinato is a musical phrase that persistently repeats in the same musical voice throughout a piece. Many Caribbean and Latin American music use ostinatos consistently throughout. Typically a phrase will be repeated by horns or vocals overtop of a consistent drum or guitar rhythm. The repeated phrase keeps the energy of the music high and full while the rhythmic background is used to drive the piece forward and keep the music going. 

 

What are some of the Latin American expressions in which the so called “Habanera Pattern” can be easily identified? 

The “Habanera Pattern” can be seen expressed throughout most Latin American music as a foreground rhythm. Many patterns expressed in Latin American music aren’t exactly, but based on or influenced by the Habanera Pattern. The off-beat rhythm plays a crucial role in Latin American music to help drive the rhythm and dance beat forward.